Tsujinodo Atago Shrine (Hiji-machi, Hayami-gun, Oita Prefecture) Complete Guide | The Oldest Atago Faith and History of Bungo Province
Tsujinodo Atago Shrine, located in Ōgami, Hiji-machi, Hayami-gun, Oita Prefecture, is an ancient shrine known as the first Atago Shrine established in Bungo Province (present-day Oita Prefecture). Founded by Ōgami no Higi, the founder of Usa Hachiman-gū Shrine, and later restored by the renowned Nara period monk Gyōki, this historically significant shrine has long been revered by the local people as a god of fire prevention.
This article comprehensively introduces all the information you need to know before visiting Tsujinodo Atago Shrine, including its detailed history, enshrined deities and blessings, annual festivals, highlights of the grounds, and access methods.
History and Origins of Tsujinodo Atago Shrine
Founding and Deep Connection to Usa Hachimangu Shrine
Tsujiodo Atago Shrine is said to have been founded by Ogami Hiyoshi, who is also credited with founding Usa Hachimangu Shrine. Ogami Hiyoshi was the ancestor of the ancient Ogami clan, and it is believed that he resided in this Ogami area and first enshrined this deity, marking the beginning of the shrine.
Usa Hachimangu Shrine is the head shrine of approximately 44,000 Hachimangu shrines nationwide. The fact that this shrine was founded by the founder of Usa Hachimangu Shrine highlights the historical importance of Tsujinodo Atago Shrine. Due to this history, the shrine quickly became a center of Atago worship in Bungo Province, receiving widespread reverence from the people.
Restoration by Gyoki Bodhisattva
It is said that at the end of the Nara period, Gyoki Bodhisattva, upon seeing the dilapidated shrine buildings, restored this shrine. Gyōki was a renowned Buddhist monk of the Nara period, known for his involvement in the construction of the Great Buddha of Tōdai-ji Temple. The legend that Gyōki, who dedicated himself to the construction and restoration of temples and shrines and social projects throughout Japan, visited this area and revived Atago Shrine speaks to the shrine’s high status.
Development from the Medieval Period Onward and the Atago Shogun Jizō
In the medieval period, it is said that the Atago Shogun Jizō statue was enshrined here, and it was formerly known as “Tsujinodō Atago Daigongen.” This name reflects the era of syncretism of Shinto and Buddhism, indicating that Atago worship encompassed both Shinto and Buddhist aspects.
Interestingly, the Takatsuka Jizō in Amase-machi, Hita City, is also said to have been branched off from this Tsujinodo Atago Shrine. Takatsuka Jizō remains a popular sacred site attracting many worshippers, demonstrating the widespread influence of the Tsujinodo Atago Shrine’s faith.
Relationship between the Edo Period and the Hiji Domain
During the Edo period, Tsujinodo Atago Shrine came to play an important role as the guardian deity of the Hiji Domain. In 1602, when Kinoshita Nobutoshi, the first lord of the Hiji Domain, completed Hiji Castle, the shrine was particularly revered as the castle’s guardian deity because it was located in the castle’s northeast (demon’s gate) direction.
Kinoshita Nobutoshi was the nephew of Toyotomi Hideyoshi’s wife, Kita-no-Mandokoro (Nene), and was granted the Hiji Domain with a 60,000 koku stipend after the Battle of Sekigahara. Under the patronage of the lord, the shrine was maintained and developed, establishing its position as a religious center in the region.
Deities and Benefits
Main Deities
The deities enshrined at Tsujinodo Atago Shrine are the following two gods:
Izanami-no-Mikoto
A goddess in Japanese mythology who gave birth to the land and many gods. He is known as a creator god who, along with Izanagi-no-Mikoto, created the land of Japan.
Kagutsuchi-no-Mikoto
A god known as the god of fire. There is a myth that Izanami-no-Mikoto died from burns when she gave birth to Kagutsuchi-no-Mikoto. As the god who controls fire, he is worshipped for fire prevention and disaster relief.
Benefits
Based on the characteristics of the enshrined deities, the following benefits are believed to be offered at Tsujino-do Atago Shrine.
- Fire Prevention and Disaster Prevention: As Kagutsuchi-no-Mikoto is the god of fire, the shrine offers protection against fires and fire prevention.
- Business Prosperity: Protection for occupations that handle fire (food service, blacksmithing, etc.).
- Love, Marriage, and Matchmaking: As Izanami-no-Mikoto is one of the divine couple.
- Family Safety: Due to the worship of Izanami-no-Mikoto, the creator goddess.
Atago worship is known nationwide as the god of fire prevention, and was particularly popular in urban areas prone to fires during the Edo period. Similarly, Tsujinodo Atago Shrine has played an important role as a guardian against fire in the region.
Annual Festivals and Events
Spring Grand Festival (February 24th)
The Spring Grand Festival, held annually on February 24th (formerly January 24th), is one of the most important festivals at Tsujinodo Atago Shrine. The following rituals are performed at this festival.
Saito Goma (Fire Ritual)
This is one of the rituals of Esoteric Buddhism, a ceremony in which wooden prayer sticks are burned outdoors. Worshippers throw wooden prayer sticks, inscribed with their wishes, into the flames, believing that this will burn away worldly desires and grant their wishes.
Fire Walking
This is a ritual performed after the Saito Goma, where participants walk barefoot across the remaining embers of the fire. It is believed to bring good health and protection from evil, and worshippers can participate. It is a magnificent ritual unique to Atago Shrine, which enshrines the god of fire.
The Spring Grand Festival attracts many worshippers not only from the local area but also from far away, creating a lively atmosphere.
Autumn Grand Festival (September 24th)
The Autumn Grand Festival, held annually on September 24th (formerly August 24th), features the dedication of Kagura (sacred dance). Kagura is a dance offered to the gods and is a traditional performing art passed down through the region.
The Autumn Grand Festival is an important community event, expressing gratitude for the harvest and praying for a bountiful harvest in the coming year.
First Shrine Visit of the New Year
Many worshippers visit the shrine for the first shrine visit of the new year, not only from nearby residents but also from far away. Amazake (sweet rice wine) is sometimes served to worshippers, allowing them to warm themselves on a cold winter visit.
The tradition of many people visiting to pray for fire prevention in the new year, as well as for family safety and good health, continues.
Highlights of the Shrine Grounds
Giant Trees in the Sacred Garden
The grounds of Tsujinodo Atago Shrine are filled with giant trees such as oak and chestnut, creating a solemn atmosphere. These giant trees are a testament to the shrine’s long history, and visitors feel the power and sacredness of nature.
Evergreen broad-leaved trees such as oak and chestnut trees maintain their greenery throughout the year, creating a tranquil space within the sacred grounds. The path leading through these ancient trees serves as a boundary between everyday life and the sacred realm, purifying the hearts of worshippers.
Cherry Blossom Spot
Tsukushi-no-do Atago Shrine is also known as a famous cherry blossom spot in spring. The cherry trees planted within and around the shrine grounds bloom all at once in spring, delighting the eyes of worshippers.
The combination of the historic shrine and cherry blossoms embodies traditional Japanese aesthetics, attracting many visitors during the cherry blossom season. Enjoying cherry blossoms in this sacred space offers a different kind of charm than mere cherry blossom viewing.
Shrine Architecture
As a shrine with a long history, the shrine buildings are also a highlight. Built under the patronage of the Hiji Domain during the Edo period, the buildings possess the dignity befitting a center of local faith.
Goshuin (Shrine Seal) Information
Goshuin (shrine seals) can be obtained at Tsukushi-no-do Atago Shrine. Goshuin (temple/shrine stamps) are cherished by many visitors as proof of their visit and as a way to forge a connection with the shrine.
While you can obtain a goshuin at the shrine office, it’s recommended to call ahead to confirm availability, as staff may be absent. Bring your goshuincho (stamp book) and make your request politely.
Contact Information: 0977-72-5417
Access and Transportation Information
Basic Information
Address: 932 Oaza Ogami, Hiji-machi, Hayami-gun, Oita Prefecture
Phone Number: 0977-72-5417
Access by Public Transportation
Nearest Station: JR Nippo Main Line “Ogami Station”
- Approximately 14 minutes on foot from Ogami Station (approx. 1.2 km)
- Approximately 3.8 km from Hiji Station
- Approximately 4.4 km from Kitsuki Station
Ogami Station is a small, unmanned station, but it’s the most convenient for accessing the shrine. The path from the station to the shrine is relatively flat, making it easily accessible on foot.
Access by Car
Using the Higashi-Kyushu Expressway:
- Approximately 10 minutes from “Hinode IC”
- Approximately 15 minutes from “Hayami IC”
Parking: There is parking space for visitors on the shrine grounds. During major festivals and other events, congestion is expected, so it is recommended to visit with ample time.
Nearby Tourist Attractions
Hinode Town also has other attractive tourist spots.
Hinode Castle Ruins (Yōgoku Castle Ruins)
The ruins of Hinode Castle, built by Kinoshita Nobutoshi. Currently, the Ninomaru Hall is open to the public as a museum, where you can learn about the history of the Hinode Domain.
Matoyama Villa
A villa built during the Meiji era, designated as a National Important Cultural Property. Its beautiful Japanese garden and architecture are highlights.
Hiji Town Hot Springs
Hiji Town, facing Beppu Bay, is blessed with hot springs, and relaxing in the hot springs after visiting the shrine is highly recommended. Oita Prefecture is known as the “Onsen Prefecture,” and high-quality hot springs are scattered throughout the prefecture.
Manners and Precautions for Visiting a Shrine
Etiquette for Visiting a Shrine
Please observe the basic etiquette for visiting a shrine.
- Bow before passing through the torii gate: This is a courtesy when entering the sacred area.
- Walk along the edge of the approach to the shrine: The center is considered the path for the gods.
- Purify yourself at the water basin: Cleanse your hands and mouth before praying.
- Two bows, two claps, one bow: This is the basic way of praying before the gods.
Clothing and Belongings
No special clothing is required, but modest attire that reflects the sacredness of the place is desirable. If you participate in the fire-walking ceremony during the Spring Grand Festival, choose comfortable clothing that you don’t mind getting dirty.
The shrine grounds are home to many large trees, making it relatively cool even in summer, but please dress appropriately for the season.
Cultural Significance of Tsujinodo Atago Shrine
The Origin of Atago Faith in Bungo Province
The fact that Tsujinodo Atago Shrine is “the first Atago Shrine built in Bungo Province” is extremely important when considering the history of Atago faith in Oita Prefecture. Many aspects of Atago faith within the prefecture, including the Takatsuka Jizo which was branched off from this shrine, may have their origins here.
History of Shinto-Buddhist Syncretism
The old name “Tsujinodo Atago Daigongen” and the history of enshrining the Atago Shogun Jizo are fascinating examples of Shinto-Buddhist syncretism in Japanese religious history. It can be considered a valuable legacy that conveys the form of Japanese faith before the Meiji-era separation of Shinto and Buddhism.
The Heart of the Local Community
Throughout the year, including festivals and New Year’s visits, Tsujinodo Atago Shrine continues to function as a spiritual center for the local community. The Spring and Autumn Grand Festivals, in particular, are important opportunities for local people to gather and pass on traditions to future generations.
Summary
Tsujinodo Atago Shrine boasts a history of over 1000 years as the oldest Atago Shrine in Bungo Province, founded by Ogami Hiyoshi, the founder of Usa Hachimangu Shrine, and restored by Gyoki. It is revered by local people as a god of fire prevention and was worshipped as the guardian deity of the Hiji Domain during the Edo period.
Traditional festivals such as the fire ritual and fire-walking at the Spring Grand Festival and the Kagura dance performance at the Autumn Grand Festival are still carried on today. The shrine also offers the opportunity to enjoy the natural beauty of its grounds, including the ancient trees and cherry blossoms in spring.
When visiting Oita Prefecture, why not add a visit to Tsujinodo Atago Shrine, a place steeped in history and tradition, to your travel plans? It’s a worthwhile shrine that many people visit seeking various blessings, including protection from fire and disaster, business prosperity, and matchmaking.
