Complete Guide to Tsurugi Betsuin Temple (Hakusan City, Ishikawa Prefecture) | Thorough Explanation of History, Temple Buildings, Access, and Annual Events
Located in Tsurugi Kiyosawa-cho, Hakusan City, Ishikawa Prefecture, Tsurugi Betsuin Temple of the Shinshu Otani sect is a Shinshu temple boasting one of the largest wooden temple buildings in the prefecture. Since its independence in 1903 (Meiji 36), it has attracted the faith of many people as a central place for Buddhist teachings in the Tsurugi region for over 120 years. This article comprehensively introduces information useful for those considering a visit, including the history, architectural value, cultural properties, annual events, and access methods of Tsurugi Betsuin Temple.
What is Tsurugi Betsuin Temple? | A Representative Shinshu Otani Sect Branch Temple in Ishikawa Prefecture
Tsurugi Betsuin Temple belongs to the Shinshu Otani sect, and its principal image is Amida Buddha. Located in the former Tsurugi-machi area of Hakusan City, it is an important religious facility with a history of independence from a branch temple of the Shinshu Otani sect’s Kanazawa Betsuin Temple.
Located at the heart of the alluvial fan formed by the Tedori River, which originates from Mount Hakusan, Tsurugi has flourished since ancient times as a vital hub for transportation and logistics. As a center of Hakusan worship and a historical temple town for Hakusan Hime Shrine and Kinken Shrine, Tsurugi Betsuin plays a crucial role in preserving the tradition of deep faith among Shinshu Buddhist followers.
Basic Information
- Official Name: Shinshu Otani-ha Tsurugi Betsuin
- Location: Yo 12, Kiyosawa-cho, Tsurugi, Hakusan City, Ishikawa Prefecture
- Sect: Shinshu Otani-ha
- Principal Image: Amida Buddha
- Founding: Origins as Kiyosawa-bo date back to the late Muromachi period; established as a branch temple in 1903 (Meiji 36)
- Nearest Station: Approximately 8 minutes on foot (0.6 km) from Nakatsurugi Station on the Hokuriku Railway Ishikawa Line
History of Tsurugi Betsuin | 500 Years of Progress from Kiyosawa-bo to Betsuin
Late Muromachi Period: Founding of Kiyosawa-bo
The Tsurugi area flourished from ancient times to the Middle Ages as a center of Hakusan faith spanning Fukui, Gifu, and Ishikawa prefectures. Towards the end of the Muromachi period, the province of Kaga became known as “the province owned by the peasants” (Kaga Ikko-ikki) due to the influence of Rennyo Shonin’s disciples.
During this period, Rennyo Shonin’s seventh son, Rengo, founded Seisawa-bo in what is now Tsurugi Seisawa-cho, Hakusan City. The establishment of a temple in Tsurugi, one of the most important regions in Ishikawa Prefecture, speaks to the religious and political significance of this area.
Sengoku Period: Role as a “Goyama”
During the Sengoku period, in the four districts of Kaga Province, temples where sons of Rennyo Shonin, the eighth head of Honganji Temple, entered the priesthood were called “Goyama,” and they functioned as the central temples of the Shinshu sect in each district. Seisawa-bo also served as a Goyama in the former Ishikawa district, becoming the center of faith for the Shinshu followers in the region.
For over 500 years since the Kaga Ikko-ikki rebellion, the deep faith of Shinshu followers has been passed down, and the temple has played an important role as a place to hear the teachings of the Pure Land Buddhism revealed by the founder, Shinran Shonin.
Edo Period: Renaming to Kiyosawa Gantoku-ji Temple
During the Edo period, Kiyosawa-bo was renamed Kiyosawa Gantoku-ji Temple. During this time, it was positioned as a branch temple of Kanazawa Betsuin and played a role in overseeing Shinshu temples in the region.
Meiji Period: Independence as Tsurugi Betsuin Temple
In 1899 (Meiji 32), the current main hall was constructed. This building was one of the largest wooden buildings in Ishikawa Prefecture built during the Meiji period, boasting a magnificent area of 360 tsubo (1192 square meters).
Then, in 1903 (Meiji 36), it became independent from Kanazawa Betsuin and changed its name to “Tsurugi Betsuin Temple.” From then on, it came under the direct control of the head temple, and a system was established in which monks were dispatched on a rotating basis. This allowed it to take on a more clearly defined role as the central center for Dharma learning in the Tsurugi region.
Modern Era: Over 120 Years of History
Even now, more than 120 years after its independence, Tsurugi Betsuin continues to carry out various forms of religious instruction (assisting in the transmission of Shinran Shonin’s teachings) with the understanding and cooperation of many people in the Tsurugi region. It continues to play an important role as a center of faith in the region and as a historical building possessing cultural assets.
The Largest Temple Complex in the Prefecture | The Architectural Value of Tsurugi Betsuin
Scale and Structure of the Main Hall
The main hall of Tsurugi Betsuin is a wooden building boasting an area of 360 tsubo (1192 square meters), making it one of the largest in Ishikawa Prefecture. The “Ishikawa County History,” published in 1927, describes it as “sturdy,” acknowledging the high level of its architectural skill.
Architectural Features:
- Structure: Single-story building with a hipped roof, primarily constructed of zelkova wood.
- Roof: Tiled roof.
- Front: One-bay portico.
- Size: 9 bays in length, 8 bays in width.
- Exterior: As is typical of heavy snowfall areas, the roof has a steep slope and a high ridge.
- Other: Equipped with a veranda.
Luxurious and Splendid Buddhist Altar Fittings and Decorations
The interior of Tsurugi Betsuin Temple is adorned with magnificent and splendid Buddhist altar fittings, showcasing the finest craftsmanship. These altar fittings represent the pinnacle of Meiji-era craftsmanship and reflect the deep faith and economic power of the time.
Traditional craftsmanship, including gold leaf, lacquer, and carvings, is applied throughout, inviting visitors into a solemn and awe-inspiring space.
Mythical Creatures Carved in Inami Style Protecting the Main Hall
The main hall of Tsurugi Betsuin Temple features carvings of mythical creatures created using the traditional Inami carving technique from Inami, Nanto City, Toyama Prefecture. Inami carving is a traditional wood carving technique that has continued since the Edo period, known for its exquisite technique and expressive power.
These mythical creatures protecting the main hall are three-dimensional representations of imaginary beings such as dragons and lions, further enhancing the grandeur of the building. The carvings on the roof, gables, and beams represent the pinnacle of the technology of the time, possessing an overwhelming power that captivates the viewer.
Gotenmon Gate | Remains of the Honda Family, Chief Retainers of the Kaga Domain
Tsurugi Betsuin Temple houses the “Gotenmon Gate,” which was relocated from the Honda family, chief retainers of the Kaga Domain. This gate is an important structure that demonstrates the status of a samurai residence, conveying the architectural technology and aesthetic sense of the time.
The temple’s distinctive appearance, a blend of Shinshu Buddhist temple architecture and samurai culture, creates a unique landscape.
Hakusan City Designated Cultural Property | Valuable Cultural Heritage Held by Tsurugi Betsuin
Tsurugi Betsuin possesses several Hakusan City designated cultural properties, playing an important role in conveying the region’s history and culture.
Main Hall (Hakusan City Designated Cultural Property)
The main hall, built in 1899 (Meiji 32), is designated as a Hakusan City cultural property. As a valuable building that conveys Meiji-era wooden construction techniques, it holds high architectural historical value.
Yakushi Nyorai Hanging Buddha (Hakusan City Designated Cultural Property)
The Yakushi Nyorai hanging Buddha owned by Tsurugi Betsuin is also designated as a Hakusan City cultural property. A hanging Buddha (kakebotoke) is a Buddhist implement in which a Buddha image is carved in relief on a circular board, and was widely produced from the medieval to the early modern period. This hanging Buddha image of Yakushi Nyorai (Medicine Buddha) is an important historical document that tells the story of the region’s faith history.
Annual Events | Ceremonies and Events Held at Tsurugi Betsuin Temple
Tsurugi Betsuin Temple holds various ceremonies and events throughout the year. These events are open to many followers and visitors as opportunities to learn about and hear the teachings of Shinran Shonin.
Hoonko (Most Important Event)
The Hoonko, the most important event in Shinshu temples, is held annually for seven days. The Hoonko is a memorial service to express gratitude for the blessings of Shinran Shonin, the founder of the sect, and serves as a place for many followers to gather, hear the teachings, and engage in fellowship.
During this period, solemn chanting takes place in the main hall, and Dharma talks are given. For Shinshu followers in the region, it is the most important opportunity to hear the teachings of the year.
Regular Events
In addition to the Hoonko (memorial service), Tsurugi Betsuin holds the following regular events:
- Monthly Dharma Talks: Regularly held Dharma talks every month
- Buddhist Lectures: Lectures to learn about the teachings of Shinran Shonin
- Community Events: Events to deepen interaction with local residents
Special Events and Public Lectures
In recent years, the following special events and public lectures have also been held:
- Founder’s Memorial Service: Memorial service for Shinran Shonin (completed in May 2023)
- Dementia Study Group: Lectures dealing with contemporary themes such as “Learning about Dementia at the Temple”
- Public Lectures: Public lectures by local organizations such as the Shikami-gumi
These events are not limited to traditional religious ceremonies, but also function as a forum for addressing the challenges of modern society.
Access | How to Get to Tsurugi Betsuin Temple
Access by Public Transportation
Using the Hokuriku Railway Ishikawa Line:
- Nearest Station: Nakatsurugi Station
- Distance from Station: Approximately 0.6 km (approximately 8 minutes on foot)
- From Kanazawa Station: Approximately 40 minutes on the Hokuriku Railway Ishikawa Line
The Hokuriku Railway Ishikawa Line is a local line connecting Kanazawa City and Hakusan City, and there are many historical sites along the line. From Nakatsurugi Station to Tsurugi Betsuin Temple, you can walk while strolling through the townscape of Tsurugi.
Access by Car
Access from Major Roads:
- Approximately 20 minutes from Kanazawa-Nishi IC on the Hokuriku Expressway
- Approximately 15 minutes from Hakusan IC on the Hokuriku Expressway
- Accessible via National Route 157
Parking:
There is parking space for visitors, but congestion is expected during large events, so we recommend considering using public transportation.
Nearby Tourist Attractions
When visiting Tsurugi Betsuin, you can also visit nearby tourist attractions:
- Hakusan Hime Shrine: The head shrine of Hakusan worship (approx. 15-minute walk)
- Kinken-gu Shrine: A shrine with a history dating back to ancient times (approx. 10-minute walk)
- Tsurugi Townscape: A townscape that retains the atmosphere of a traditional temple town
- Tedorigawa River: A scenic spot where the clear waters from Mt. Hakusan flow
The Role of Tsurugi Betsuin | As a Dharma Hearing Center in the Modern Era
Function as a Central Center for Dharma Hearing
Since its independence in 1903 (Meiji 36), Tsurugi Betsuin has functioned as a central center for Dharma hearing in the Tsurugi area. “Dharma hearing” means listening to the teachings of Shinran Shonin, and is one of the most important religious practices for Shinshu followers.
The temple provides opportunities for followers to experience the teachings of Shinran Shonin through regular Dharma services and lectures. This is not merely the transmission of knowledge, but a place to encounter the original vow of Amida Buddha and to re-examine one’s own way of being.
Center for Educational Activities
Tsurugi Betsuin plays an important role as a center for “education,” helping to spread the teachings of Shinran Shonin. The following activities are carried out, centered around the rotating priests (monks who manage the temple):
- Holding Dharma Talks: Explaining Buddhist teachings in an easy-to-understand manner through regular Dharma talks.
- Consultation Services: Providing consultations on life’s problems and matters related to funerals and memorial services.
- Collaboration with the Community: Deepening interaction with the local community and aiming to be an open temple.
- Passing on to the Next Generation: Efforts to pass on the teachings of Shin Buddhism to younger generations.
Preservation and Public Access to Cultural Properties
Preserving and appropriately publicizing valuable cultural heritage, including the main hall and the Yakushi Nyorai hanging Buddha, which are designated cultural properties of Hakusan City, is also an important role of Tsurugi Betsuin. These cultural properties are valuable materials that tell the story of the region’s history and the progress of faith, and there is a responsibility to pass them on to future generations. ## About Perpetual Memorial Services and Cemeteries
Tsurugi Betsuin Temple accepts consultations regarding perpetual memorial services and cemeteries. We cater to various needs, including those who wish for memorial services based on the teachings of the Shinshu Otani sect, and those considering closing a family grave.
Features of Perpetual Memorial Services
- Individual Graves: Remains are individually interred for a predetermined period.
- Communal Graves: Remains are buried together with the remains of others, offering a cost-effective option.
- Tree Burial: A form of memorial service that returns to nature (availability must be confirmed).
For details, we recommend contacting Tsurugi Betsuin Temple directly.
Nearby Facilities | Hakusan City Municipal Cemetery Park
Near Tsurugi Betsuin Temple, there are the following public cemeteries:
- Hakusan City Kawachi Cemetery Park
- Hakusan City Mattō Southern Cemetery Park
- Gaku Bodaijuen
Including collaboration with these facilities, a variety of memorial service options are available.
Points to Note and Etiquette When Visiting
Etiquette for Visiting
Tsurugi Betsuin is a religious facility. Please observe the following etiquette when visiting:
- Dress Code: Avoid revealing clothing and wear modest attire.
- Photography: Photography inside the main hall may require permission; please check in advance.
- Quietness: Please observe quietly during religious services and events.
- Donation: While optional, donations are appreciated as they contribute to the maintenance and upkeep of the temple.
Visiting Hours
General visits are possible during daytime hours, but there may be restrictions during religious services and events. Especially during the Hoonko period, the temple is crowded with many visitors; those wishing to visit at a leisurely pace should choose a different time.
Contact Information
For detailed information and event schedules, we recommend checking the official website or calling Tsurugi Betsuin. The staff at the temple office and the rotating priests will be happy to assist you.
Historical Background of the Tsurugi Region
Hakusan Faith and the Temple Town
Understanding the Tsurugi region is essential to understanding its relationship with Hakusan faith. From ancient times to the Middle Ages, Tsurugi flourished as a center of Hakusan faith, which spanned Fukui, Gifu, and Ishikawa prefectures. It developed as a temple town for Hakusan Hime Shrine and Kinken Shrine, becoming a religious city visited by many pilgrims.
Base of the Kaga Ikko-ikki Rebellion
From the late Muromachi period to the Sengoku period, Kaga Province became known as “the province owned by the peasants.” This refers to the fact that the Ikko-ikki rebellions by Shinshu Buddhist followers ruled Kaga Province for approximately 100 years.
The Tsurugi region was one of the important bases of this Ikko-ikki rebellion, and the founding of Seisawa-bo Temple is deeply connected to this historical background. The construction of temples by the sons of Rennyo Shonin in various locations served to spread the teachings of Shinshu Buddhism while simultaneously promoting the political and social organization of the region. ### A Hub for Transportation and Logistics
Located at the heart of the Tedori River alluvial fan, Tsurugi has long been a vital hub for transportation and logistics. Abundant water resources from Mount Hakusan, fertile land, and convenient transportation contributed to its economic development as a significant region.
These geographical and economic advantages formed the foundation for the development of religious facilities. The magnificent temple complex of Tsurugi Betsuin was only possible thanks to the region’s economic strength and the deep faith of its followers.
Summary | The Charm and Value of Tsurugi Betsuin
Tsurugi Betsuin, of the Shinshu Otani sect, is a representative religious and cultural heritage site of Hakusan City, Ishikawa Prefecture. With a history spanning over 120 years since its independence in 1903 (Meiji 36), and over 500 years if counting from its origins as Seisawa-bo, this temple possesses the following multifaceted values:
Architectural Value:
- One of the largest wooden temple complexes in the prefecture (360 tsubo / 1192 square meters)
- The main hall, a culmination of Meiji-era architectural techniques
- Exquisite decorations using Inami carvings
- The main gate of the Honda family, the chief retainer of the Kaga Domain
Historical Value:
- Founded by Rengo, the seventh son of Rennyo Shonin
- Role as a sacred mountain during the Kaga Ikko-ikki rebellion
- A tradition of faith among Shinshu followers spanning over 500 years
Cultural Property Value:
- Designated cultural property of Hakusan City (main hall, Yakushi Nyorai hanging Buddha, etc.)
- Luxurious and magnificent Buddhist implements and decorations
- Valuable historical materials that convey the history of the region
Religious Value:
- Function as a central training ground for the study of the Dharma
- A center for transmitting the teachings of Shinran Shonin
- A spiritual pillar for the local community
Visiting Tsurugi Betsuin is not merely about viewing historical buildings, but also an experience of touching upon the history of Shinshu Buddhism’s faith, which has been passed down for over 500 years. It is also an important spot for understanding the unique characteristics of Tsurugi, a region where Hakusan faith and Shinshu faith intersect.
In conjunction with sightseeing in Kanazawa and Hakusan, be sure to visit Tsurugi Betsuin and experience its magnificent temple complex and rich history. Participating in the annual Hoonko service and regular events will allow you to experience the teachings of Shinshu Buddhism and the local faith culture more deeply.
